• Conduct an ILO standards–based desk review of international normative instruments and national recruitment laws to assess licensing, regulation, inspection, and accountability systems. • Develop a structured comparative analytical framework and tables covering Pakistan, selected South Asian labour-sending countries, and benchmark countries. • Undertake stakeholder consultations to capture operational realities, challenges, good practices, and reform opportunities. • Produce a Pakistan-specific gap analysis identifying normative, regulatory, and implementation gaps in the OEP governance framework. • Deliver evidence-based, actionable policy and regulatory recommendations through a validated comparative report and reform brief to strengthen fair recruitment and migrant worker protection.